THE  LIBRARY 

OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 

OF  CALIFORNIA 

ANTHROPOLOGY 
ALFRED  L.  KROEBER 


COLLECTION 


EXPOSITION   OPENS   MAY  1,  1893.  EXPOSITION    CLOSES  OCT.  30.  1893 

Dedication-  Ceremonies,  October,  18')^. 

Exhibits  Received  for  Installation  Nov.  1,  1812— April  10,  1893. 


Worlds  Columbian  Exposition 


OP-ilCAGO,  U.   S.  J±, 

1893. 


PLAN  AND  CLASSIFICATION 

DEPARTMENT  M. 


Ethnology,  Archeology,  History,  Cartography,  Latin- 
American  Bureau,  Collective  and 
Isolated  Exhibits. 


SE^=^IE 


GEORGE  R.  DAVIS,  F.  W.  PUTNAM, 

Director-General.  Chief  of  Department. 

CHICAGO: 

World's  Columbian  Exposition. 

1892. 


NOTICE. 

The  address  of  the  Chief  of  Department  M  is  "  PEABODY 
Museum,  Harvard  University,  Cambridge,  Mass.,"  until 
November  ist,  1892.  After  that  date  it  will  be  "WORLD'S 
Columbian  Exposition,  Chicago,  III." 


Add'l 


f 


Anthropology 


- ' 

ANTHRO#». 
LIBRARY    " 


DEPARTMENT  M 


ETHNOLOGY,    ARCHAEOLOGY,     HISTORY,     CAR- 

TOGRAPHY,  LATIN-AMERICAN   BUREAU, 

COLLECTIVE    AND     ISOLATED 

EXHIBITS. 


To  Department  M  has  been  assigned  160,000  square  feet 
of  space  in  the  gallery  of  the  northern  half  of  the  Manufact- 
ures and  Liberal  Arts  building.  This  building,  covering 
over  thirty-one  acres,  is  the  largest  exposition  building  ever 
constructed.  It  contains,  including  the  gallery,  forty  acres 
of  floor  space;  it  is  232  feet  in  height  in  the  center,  and  ex- 
tends for  nearly  half  a  mile  along  the  shore  of  the  lake,  with 
the  intervening  lawns  and  promenades.  The  style  of  archi- 
tecture is  Corinthian;  the  exterior  is  covered  with  "staff,"  in 
imitation  of  marble;  the  lofty  columns  and  arches  forming  the 
facades  are  elaborately  ornamented  with  figures  illustrative  of 
the  different  arts  and  sciences;  and  the  grand  entrances  at 
the  corners  and  sides  of  the  building  add  to  its  imposing 
effect. 

In  addition  to  this  space  in  the  Main  building,  the  de- 
partment will  also  occupy  a  strip  of  land,  1,000  feet  long  and 
from  100  to  200  feet  wide,  along  the  border  of  the  lagoon  in 
the  southeastern  portion  of  the  grounds.  Here  the  groups  of 
native  American  peoples  will  be  arranged  geographically,  and 
will  be  living  under  normal  conditions  in  their  native  habita- 
tions during  the  six  months  of  the  Exposition. 

The  classification  of  this  department,  as  determined  by  the 
National  Commission,  is  given  in  detail  on  pages  following, 
and  fully  expresses  the  diversity  of  subjects  covered  by  the 
department. 


518 


4  WORLD'S    COLUMBIAN    EXPOSITION. 

The  following  summary  of  the  several  sections  into  which 
the  department  is  subdivided,  in  order  to  facilitate  the  work  of 
bringing  together  and  arranging  the  exhibition  as  a  whole, 
briefly  describes  the  plans  of  the  department.  It  also  shows 
wherein  the  cooperation  of  foreign  governments,  of  state 
boards  and  of  individual  exhibitors  is  specially  needed  in 
order  to  make  the  exhibition  in  every  way  worth)'  of  the 
occasion  and  of  importance  to  science  and  education.  While 
couperation  in  these  general  plans  of  the  department  is  earn- 
estly desired  and  requested,  it  must  at  the  same  time  be  un- 
derstood that  exhibitors  can  enter  their  exhibits  in  any  of  the 
special  classes  mentioned  in  the  official  classification  ap- 
pended, and  that  many  exhibits  will  come  under  the  group 
of  "  Isolated  and  Collective  Exhibits"  which  could  not  be 
brought  into   the   proper  scientific  arrangement  of  a  section. 

Whenever  an  exhibit  is  entered  for  competition,  it  must 
be  so  stated  in  the  "application,"  and  only  such  as  are  thus 
particularly  mentioned  at  the  time  of  the  application  for  space 
will  be  examined  and  reported  upon  by  the  Board  of  Awards. 

Applications  for  space  must  be  made  on  regular  blank 
forms,  which  will  be  furnished  by  the  Director-General,  or 
by  the  Chief  of  this  Department.  All  applications  must  be 
sent  to  the  Director-General  of  the  World's  Columbian  Ex- 
position, Chicago,  111. 

Special  information  will  be  furnished  to  an)'  intending  ex- 
hibitor by  the  Chief  of  the  Department.  All  applications  for 
concessions  in  relation  to  the  sale  of  objects  must  be  made 
to  the  Committee  on  Ways  and  Means,  World's  Columbian 
Exhibition,  Chicago,  111. 

All  objects  accepted  for  exhibition  must  be  received  before 
April  10,  1893,  and  cannot  be  removed  until  after  the  close  of 
the  Exposition,  November  1,  1893.  The  department  will 
be  ready  to  receive  exhibits  in  November,  1892. 

PLAN   AND  SCOPE  OF  DEPARTMENT   M. 

By  means  of  special  research  in  different  parts  of  America, 
under  the  direction  of  the  Chief  of  the  department,  important 
scientific    collections   in   the  ethnological    and    archaeological 


PLAN     \\l  i    -11  IP]      I  u      l»!  PAR  IMI  \  I     M.  5 

sections  of  this  department  will  be  brought  together.      While 

a  large  amount  of  valuable  'Material  will  be  secured  in  this  way, 
it  is  hoped  that  every  state  hoard,  and  many  historical  and 
scientific  societies,  as  well  as  owners  of  private  collections, 
will  join  in  this  educational  exhibit,  that  a  full  and  effective 
illustration  may  he  presented  of  the  present  status  of  Auk  i  u  an 
archaeology  and  ethnology. 


The  Section  of  Archaeology. 

The  first  division  of  this  section  will  illustrate  early  man 
and  the  conditions  under  which  he  lived  in  remote  times.  In 
this  connection  will  be  shown  portions  of  human  skeletons 
and  objects  of  man's  handiwork  which  have  been  found  under 
geological  conditions,  thus  furnishing  the  evidence  of  his  ex- 
istence at  that  early  time. 

Following  this  exhibit  illustrative  of  the  earlv  or  palaeo- 
lithic period,  the  archaeological  collections  will  be  arranged 
geographically,  illustrating  the  second  prehistoric  period  of  the 
continent.  These  will  comprise  objects  from  shell  heaps,  an- 
cient village  sites,  burial  places,  mounds,  earth  works,  ancient 
pueblos,  cliff  houses,  caves,  the  ruined  cities  of  Mexico,  Cen- 
tral and  South  America,  etc., 

In  order  to  show  the  phases  of  prehistoric  life  on  the  con- 
tinent, models  of  the  most  distinctive  earth  works  and  mounds 
of  the  central  portion  of  the  country  will  be  prepared  from 
carefully  made  plans  and  sketches.  The  great  earth  works  of 
Ohio  in  which  are  combined  squares,  octagons,  circles  and 
other  figures,  often  of  large  size,  will  be  represented  in  this 
way,  as  well  as  the  different  kinds  of  mounds,  such  as  the 
great  mound  at  Cahokia,  111.,  nearly  ioo  feet  high,  and  the 
famous  Serpent  mound,  of  Ohio,  an  earth  structure  1,400  feet 
long.  Fort  Ancient,  the  largest  ancient  fortification  in  the 
country,  will  be  represented  in  the  same  manner  ;  as  will  also 
the  Turner  and  Hopewell  groups,  both  illustrating  the  sacred 
structures  of  an  ancient  people.  The  State  Historical  Society 
of  Ohio,  in   connection  with    the   state  board,  will  contribute 


6  WORLD  S    COLUMBIAN    EXPOSITION. 

models  of  other  typical  earth  works  within  the  state.  The 
singular  earth  works  of  great  size  representing  man  and  vari- 
ous animals — of  which  several  are  still  preserved  intact  in 
Wisconsin  and  Minnesota — are  essential  to  this  exhibit.  The 
State  Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin  will  contribute  mod- 
els of  several  of  these  ancient  structures  as  a  most  import- 
ant and  unique  exhibit.  It  is  hoped  that  the  Illinois  state 
board  will  have  made  a  relief  map  of  the  Cahokia  group  of 
mounds,  as  the  most  important  archaeological  exhibit  that 
could  be  made  from  that  state.  In  connection  with  these 
models  will  be  placed  plans  and  drawings  of  many  mounds  and 
earth  works  presenting  strange  and  complicated  structures. 

In  order  to  obtain  a  full  illustration  of  the  cliff  houses  and 
ruined  pueblos,  it  is  hoped  that  the  Commissioners  of  Colo- 
rado, Arizona,  New  Mexico  and  Utah  will  secure  a  repre- 
sentation of  this  peculiar  feature  of  American  archaeology. 

The  reproduction  of  portions  of  the  high  stone  structures 
in  Central  America,  Mexico  and  South  America,  will  doubt- 
less prove  an  exhibit  of  great  interest.  For  this  purpose 
molds  are  now  being  taken  of  portions  of  some  of  the  most 
important  ruins  in  Yucatan,  from  which  actual  reproductions 
will  be  set  up  in  Chicago.  Plans,  paintings  and  photographs 
will  illustrate  many  details  of  these  grand  monuments  of  an- 
tiquity ;  while  casts  and  photographs  of  the  tablets,  inscribed 
with  pictographical  records,  found  on  the  walls  of  the  stone 
temples,  will  be  of  marked  interest  alike  to  the  student 
and  to  the  general  public.  One  of  these  ancient  structures, 
of  which  the  molds  are  already  made,  is  called  the  "  Portal 
of  Labna."  This  portal  is  intended  to  be  used  as  an  impos- 
ing entrance  to  one  part  of  the  exhibit  and  through  it 
visitors  will  pass  to  view  other  reproductions  of  this  char- 
acter. Here  will  be  seen  typical  portions  of  symbolical 
ornamentation,  facades  of  buildings  and  corner  pieces  of 
characteristic  design  showing  the  different  styles  of  architect- 
ure and  sculpture. 

The  material  collected  this  year  by  the  Peabody  Museum 
Honduras   Expedition    will    be    loaned    to     this    department. 


PLAN    AND    SCOPE    OF    DEPARTMENT    M.  J 

Molds  are  being  made  of  the  immense  monoliths  and  altars 
existing  among  the  ancient  ruins  of  Copan;  and  many  inter- 
esting specimens  have  already  been  obtained  to  illustrate  the 
arts  and  customs  of  the  unknown  but  once  powerful  people 
who  designed  and  erected  these  massive  stone  structures 
elaborately  ornamented  with  figures  in  high  relief  and  strange 
hieroglyphs.  In  connection  with  the  exhibit  of  this  Peabody 
Museum  collection  at  the  World's  Fair,  appeals  have  been 
made  to  the  governments  of  Mexico,  Costa  Rica,  Nicaragua, 
Honduras  and  Guatemala  to  contribute  additional  materials, 
that  the  representative  collections  to  be  exhibited  in  Chicago 
in  1893  may  be  worthy  of  the  famous  antiquities  known  to 
exist  within  the  respective  countries. 

Thus  by  a  comparison  of  the  casts,  models,  plans,  photo- 
graphs and  objects  from  different  localities,  the  customs  and 
habits  of  the  prehistoric  peoples  of  the  continent  can  be  com- 
pared with  one  another  and  with  those  of  later  times,  and  the 
distribution,  migration  and  connection  of  the  various  peoples 
can  be  traced. 

One  sub-division  in  this  section  will  contain  special 
exhibits.  Here  will  be  arranged  the  numerous  collections 
exhibited  by  their  owners,  such  as  stone  implements, 
pottery,  ornaments,  pipes,  etc.,  which  cannot  be  separated 
or  placed  in  the  geographical  arrangement. 

Another  sub-division  will  include  archaeological  collections 
received  from  other  parts  of  the  world.  Museums,  societies 
and  individuals  owning  important  collections  are  cordially  in- 
vited to  send  exhibits  to  this  section. 

Collections  from  foreign  countries  are  very  desirable  for 
comparative  study,  and  it  is  hoped  that  the  Commissioners  of 
foreign  countries  will  send  representative  collections  of  the 
archaeology  of  their  respective  countries. 

The  Section  of  Ethnology. 

Under  this  heading  will  be  arranged  all  materials  exempli- 
fying the  primitive  modes  of  life,  customs  and  arts  of  the 
native    peoples  of  the  world.      The    primary   object  in    this 


8  WORLD  S    COLUMBIAN    EXPOSITION. 

section  will  be  to  illustrate  the  peculiarities  of  the  different 
races  and  varieties  of  man  and  their  distribution  over  the 
earth. 

The  importance  of  the  exhibition  in  this  section  will 
depend  largely  upon  what  may  be  done  by  foreign  govern- 
ments in  connection  with  a  proper  illustration  of  the  native 
inhabitants  and  primitive  customs  of  their  respective 
countries.  It  is  hoped  that  all  governments  will  see  the 
importance  of  developing  this  section  of  the  Exposition  to 
the  fullest  extent,  as  it  is  certainly  one  of  great  interest  and 
of  fundamental  importance  to  every  nation. 

Special  efforts  will  be  made  to  render  the  American  divis- 
ion of  this  section  not  only  instructive  but  also  of  popular 
interest.  For  this  purpose  a  strip  of  land  along  the  border 
of  the  southeastern  lagoon  has  been  reserved  for  an  American 
ethnographical  exhibition,  where  will  be  placed  the  habitations 
of  families  of  such  native  tribes  of  Americans  as  can  be 
secured.  Here  it  is  intended  to  present  a  living  picture  of 
the  typical  native  peoples  of  different  parts  of  America  ;  each 
family  to  be  living  in  its  native  habitation  ;  the  people  to  be 
dressed  in  native  costume,  surrounded  by  characteristic  house- 
hold utensils,  implements  and  weapons  and  engaged  in  their 
native  occupations  and  manufactures.  The  various  tribes 
of  Indians  within  the  borders  of  the  United  States  will  be 
fully  represented,  as  is  assured  by  the  cordial  cooperation  of 
the  United  States  government  through  the  Indian  office; 
while  the  government  itself  will  make  a  special  exhibit  of  its 
Indian  school  system  and  will  illustrate  what  is  being  done  by 
the  government  to  bring  the  Indian  into  our  civilization. 

The  object  of  this  ethnographical  exhibit,  as  before  stated, 

is  to  present  the  means  of   studying  the  native  peoples  in  a 

scientific  manner;  and,  by  representing  the  people  who   were 

in  America  400  years  ago,  to  form  a  background  to  the  other 

if 
departments  of  the  Exposition  in  which  will  be  illustrated  the 

developments  made  during  the  past  four   centuries.     At  the 

same  time  it  is  intended  that  the  presentation  of  this   feature 

of  native  life  shall  be  in  every  way  satisfactory  and  creditable 


PLAN    AND    SCOPE    OF    DEPARTMENT    M.  g 

to  the  native  peoples,  and  no  exhibition  of  a  degrading  or 
derogatory  character  will  be  permitted.  Moreover,  this  gath- 
ering of  the  different  natives  of  the  continent  at  such  a  time 
and  place  can  but  be  beneficial  to  them,  as  it  will  afford 
them  a  grand  opportunity  to  see  and  understand  the  relations 
of  different  nations  and  the  material  advantages  which  civiliza- 
tion brings  to  mankind. 

The  Chief  of  the  Department  most  earnestly  and  respect- 
fully calls  upon  the  several  governments  of  America  to  aid  in 
making  this  American  ethnographical  exhibit  worthy  of  its 
great  importance;  and  to  this  end  he  hopes  that  each  country 
will  be  officially  represented  in  furthering  this  exhibit. 

In  connection  with  this  ethnographical  section  there  has 
been  established  a  Section  of  Phvsical  Anthropologv,  and 
thousands  of  measurements  and  special  observations  are 
being  taken  of  members  of  various  native  tribes.  From  the 
data  thus  obtained  there  will  be  prepared  a  number  of  charts 
and  tables  illustrating  the  physical  characteristics  of  the  native 
peoples  of  America.  Similar  measurements  and  observations 
have  been  taken  of  the  school  children  in  several  cities, as  well 
as  of  the  children  in  the  Indian  schools,  for  the  purpose  of 
furnishing  comparative  data  and  of  showing  the  importance 
of  such  investigations  in  relation  to  the  education  of  children 
and  their  physical  development.  During  the  months  of  the 
Exposition  an  Anthropological  Laboratory  will  be  estab- 
lished at  the  department  headquarters  where  the  charts  and 
tables  will  be  exhibited,  and  where  anthropometrical  and 
psychological  apparatus  of  various  kinds  will  be  exhibited  and 
used  in  taking  measurements  and  recording  observations  of 
individuals  of  various  races  who  visit  the  Exposition.  In  this 
way  the  methods  and  objects  of  anthropological  research 
will  be  illustrated  at  the  Exposition,  and  many  important  re- 
sults will  undoubtedly  be  secured. 

There  will  also  be  an  Ethnological  Section  in  the  main 
building  in  connection  with  other  sections  of  Department  M. 
Here,  in  a  series  of  alcoves,  the  objects  pertaining  to  each 
tribe,  nation  and  race  will  be  arranged   geographically.      For 


IO  WORLDS    COLUMBIAN    EXPOSITION. 

this  section  it  is  hoped  that  there  will  be  many  contributions 
from  all  parts  of  the  world,  and  it  is  particularly  desirable 
that  the  American  exhibit  should  be  made  as  complete  as  pos- 
sible by  contributions  from  all  American  peoples.  It  is  hoped 
that  the  Native  Peoples  will  take  an  interest  in  preparing 
characteristic  collections,  illustrative  of  their  native  arts  and 
customs,  to  be  sent  through  the  proper  official  channels  as 
their  own  special  exhibits.  The  various  tribes  of  North 
American  Indians  are  particularly  invited  to  prepare  collec- 
tions for  this  section,  and  to  each  tribe  will  be  allotted  space 
for  the  display  of  such  exhibits.  Each  tribal  exhibit  will  be 
arranged  by  itself  and  properly  credited,  and  all  such  exhibits 
can  be  entered  for  competition  and  be  passed  upon  by  the 
Board  of  Awards  the  same  as  exhibits  in  any  other  department 
of  the  Exposition.  This  also  applies  to  any  exhibit  made  in 
any  section  of  the  department;  the  only  requirement  being 
that  at  the  time  of  filling  out  the  application  for  space,  it 
must  be  stated  that  the  exhibit  is  entered  for  competition,  if 
it  is  so  desired. 

One  of  the  sub-divisions  in  this  section  will  illustrate 
Primitive  Religions,  Games  and  Folk-lore.  This  exhibit 
can  be  made  exceedingly  interesting  and  instructive  if  persons 
having  objects  pertaining  to  these  subjects,  such  as  idols, 
charms, amulets,  etc.,  etc., will  exhibit  them, accompanied  with 
their  history  and  use.  It  is  intended  to  include  in  this  exhibit 
the  games  of  all  countries. 

Section  of  History. 

Several  groups  of  the  classification  will  be  gathered  under 
this  head,  and  here  will  be  arranged  all  matters  of  a  purely 
historical  interest.  It  is  probable  that  the  exhibit  in  this 
section  will  be  largely  in  relation  to  American  history;  but 
the  representation  of  important  events  or  special  epochs  in  the 
history  of  other  countries  is  desirable  and  can  be  illustrated 
by  groups  of  objects  pertaining  to  such  events  or  to  particu- 
lar times. 

The  development  of  architecture  can  here  be  represented 
by   models,  drawings,  plans  and   photographs.      It   is  hoped 


PLAN     \\1>    SCOPE    OF    DEPARTMENT    M.  II 

that  architects  will  take  a  special  interest  in  this  section,  and 
will  exhibit  any  models,  drawings  or  plans  they  may  have  of 
ancient  houses  and  public  buildings,  and  also  dwellings  of 
modern  and  present  times. 

Exhibits  showing  the  evolution  of  house  furniture  and  of 
implements,  tools  and  utensils  also  come  into  this  section,  as 
well  as  illustrations  of  notable  inventions  and  appliances  for 
the  amelioration  of  life  and  labor. 

In  relation  to  American  History  it  is  expected  that  historical 
societies  and  State  Boards  will  make  special  exhibits  illustra- 
tive of  particular  epochs,  the  establishment  of  the  respective 
states,  and  other  events,  of  great  historical  importance. 

It  is  considered  desirable  that  all  exhibits  relating  to  the 
civil  war  should  be  excluded. 

It  is  suggested  to  the  State  Boards  that  their  historical  ex- 
hibits should  be  made  a  part  of  the  general  exhibit,  each  state 
having  its  particular  place  in  a  series  of  alcoves.  In  this  way 
much  historical  information  could  be  given  which  would  be 
of  great  educational  value,  as  well  as  of  interest  for  compara- 
tive study  to  all  visitors  to  the  Exposition;  whereas  if  these 
exhibits  were  made  in  the  several  state  buildings  they  would 
lose  in  their  importance,  and  they  would  be  seen  by  com- 
paratively few  persons  other  than  citizens  of  the  respective 
states.  Several  of  the  State  Boards,  appreciating  the  im- 
portance of  uniting  in  such  a  general  historical  exhibit,  have 
already  signified  their  cooperation  and  have  applied  for  space. 

The  portraits,  busts,  photographs,  autographs,  etc.,  of 
distinguished  and  noted  persons  are  desirable  for  this  histor- 
ical exhibit,  with  relics  illustrating  the  life  and  times  of  such 
persons. 

Historical  relics  of  various  periods  will  necessarily  form 
the  principal  part  of  such  exhibits  as  here  suggested,  but 
every  State  Board  and  Historical  Society  can  easily  make  an 
attractive  exhibit  of  special  character.  As  an  example  of  this 
kind  it  can  be  mentioned  that  arrangements  are  in  progress  to 
represent  a  log  cabin  of  pioneer  times,  with  characteristic 
furniture.      In  this  cabin  the  preparation  of  flax,  spinning  and 


12  WORLD'S    COLUMBIAN    EXPOSITION. 

weaving,  and  other  domestic  occupations  will  be  carried  on 
by  persons  dressed  in  homespun  clothes  in  the  fashion  of  a 
century  ago  on  the  frontiers. 

There  will  be  a  sub-division  in  this  section  for  the  exhibi- 
tion of  collections  of  medals  and  coins  of  all  countries. 

Section  of  Cartography. 
Group  167  of  the  classification  provides  for  the  exhibition 
of  charts  and  maps,  from  the  earliest  known  to  those  of  the 
present  time,  arranged  chronologically.  It  is  hoped  that  the 
exhibit  will  contain  many  old  maps,  either  originals  or  copies, 
as  well  as  maps  and  charts  illustrating  particular  and  import- 
ant geographical  discoveries.  It  is  believed  that  there  are 
many  collections  of  maps  and  charts  which  if  exhibited  will 
prove  of  great  interest  when  brought  together  for  comparison. 
This  section  will  also  furnish  to  publishers  of  important  maps 
the  opportunity  of  exhibiting  their  productions  in  a  way  that 
can  but  prove  advantageous  to  them,  while  they  will  at  the 
same  time  aid  in  making  an  instructive  and  important  exhibit. 

The  Latin-American  Bureau. 

This  sub-department,  which  will  represent  the  history  of 
the  Latin-American  republics,  and  thus  form  an  essential 
part  of  the  historical  exhibit,  will  also  include  all  relics  of  the 
time  of  Columbus.  It  is  under  the  special  charge  of  Mr. 
William  E.  Curtis,  who  has  prepared  the  account  and  classi- 
fication given  on  a  following  page.  The  Columbus  relics  and 
objects  pertaining  more  directly  to  the  period  of  the  discovery 
will  be  arranged  in  the  "convent  of  La  Rabida,"  while  other 
groups  of  the  classification  will  find  their  appropriate  places 
in  the  main  building,  and  in  the  Ethnographical  Exhibition. 

Collective  and  Isolated    Exhibits. 

Reference  is  made  to  the  official  classification  in  the  fol- 
lowing pages  for  the  various  groups  and  classes  which  have 
here  been  summarized.  While  in  special  cases  it  may  be 
found  that  some  of  the  classes  do  not  fall  within  the  general 


PLAN    AND    SCOPE    OF    DEPARTMENT    M.  1 3 

statements  made  on  the  preceding  pages,  it  will  generally  be 
ascertained  on  careful  analysis  that  exhibits  likely  to  be  made 
will  come  under  some  one  of  the  general  sub-divisions 
mentioned,  or  will  necessarily  be  relegated  to  the  group  of 
"Isolated  and  Collective  Exhibits. "  In  some  instances  the 
slight  confliction  in  the  classification  with  that  of  other  depart- 
ments will  probably  carry  a  few  exhibits  over  to  some  other 
department,  as  may  be  decided  by  the  Director-General. 

Late  discussions  have  led  to  the  reference  of  collective  ex- 
hibits of  natural  history  objects  to  this  department;  such  as 
groups  of  stuffed  mammals  and  birds,  collections  of  fossils, 
and  general  scientific  collections  which  will  be  more  appro- 
priate under  the  group  of  "  Isolated  and  Collective  Exhibits  " 
in  this  department  than  elsewhere. 

F.  W.  Putnam, 
Approved  :  Chief  Dept.  Ethnology,  etc. 

Geo.  R.  Davis, 

Director-  General. 


OFFICIAL  CLASSIFICATION— DEPARTMENT  M. 


ETHNOLOGY,  ARCHEOLOGY,   PROGRESS  OF 
LABOR  AND  INVENTION. 


GROUP    159. 


Views,  Plans  or  Models  of  Prehistoric  Architectural  Monuments  and 

Habitations. 

Class  939.      Caves — natural,  artificial;  dwellings,  natural  and 

artificial. 
Class  940.      Lacuscrine  dwellings — dolmens,  tumuli,  menhirs, 

cromlechs,     alignments,     cup-stones,      graves, 

cists,  crematories. 
Class  941.      Cliff  and  other  dwellings — models  of  dwellings, 

shelters,    skin   lodges,    yourts,   huts   (of  bark, 

grass,  etc.),  wooden  houses. 
Class  942.      Appurtenances. — Sweat-houses  (models),  totem- 
posts  (originals  and  models),  gable  ornaments, 

locks. 

GROUP    160. 

Furniture  and  Clothing  of  Aboriginal,  Uncivilized  and  but  Partly 
Civilized  Races. 

Class  943.      Household  utensils  and  furniture. 

Class  944.     Articles   serving  in   the  use  of  narcotics — pipes, 

etc. 
Class  945.      Articles  used  in  transportation. 
Class  946.      Clothing  and  adornment. 

GROUP    161. 

Implements  of  War  and  the  Chase. 
(See  also  Groups  86,  Dept.  G,  and  113,  Dept.  H.) 


!'I   \X    AND    SCOPE    OF    DEPARTMENT    M.  15 

GROUP    162. 

Tools  and  Implements  of  Industrial  Operations. 

Class  947.     Gathering  and   storing  food  other  than  game — 

Water  vessels. 
Class  948.      Articles  used  in  cooking  and  eating. 
Class  949.      Apparatus  of  making  clothing  and  ornaments  and 
of  weaving. 

GROUP    163. 
Athletic  Exercises — Games. 

GROUP    164. 

Objects  of  Spiritual  Significance  and    Veneration — Representations  of 

Deities — Appliances  of  Worship. 

GROUP    165. 
Historic  Archceology — Objects  Illustrating  the  Progress  of  Nations. 

GROUP    166. 

Models  and  Representations  of  Ancient  Vessels,  Particularly  of  the  Period 

of  the  Discovery  of  America. 

GROUP    167. 

Reproductions  of  Ancient  Maps,   Charts  and  Apparatus  of  Navigation^ 

Class  950.  Charts  and  maps  of  the  world  anterior  to  the 
voyage  of  Columbus. 

Class  951.      Charts  and  maps  following  the  discovery. 

Class  952.  Charts  and  maps  of  the  period  of  the  early  colo- 
nization of  America. 

Class  953.  Charts  and  maps  of  America  and  the  world  at 
the  period  of  the  revolution  and  since. 

GROUP  168. 

Models  and  Representations  of  Ancient  Buildings,  Cities  or  Monuments 
of  the  Historic  Period  Anterior  to  the  Discovery  of  America. 

GROUP  169. 

Models  and  Representations  of  Habitations  and  Dzuellings  Built  Since 

the  Discovery  of  America. 


l6  WORLD'S    COLUMBIAN    EXPOSITION. 

GROUP  170. 

Originals,   Copies  or  Models,  or    Graphic  Representations   of  Notable 

Inventions. 

GROUP  171. 

Objects  Illustrating  Generally  the  Progress  of  the  Amelioration  of  the 

Conditions  of  Life  and  Labor. 

Class  954.      The  evolution  of  the  dwelling  and  its  furniture. 

Class  955.  The  evolution  of  the  plow  and  other  implements 
of  the  farm  and  garden. 

Class  956.  Evolution  of  tools. — The  ax,  saw  and  other  im- 
plements of  handicraft. 

Class  957.      Labor-saving  machines  and  their  effects. 

GROUP  172. 
Woman's   Work. 

GROUP  173. 
State,  National  and  Foreign  Government  Exhibits. 

GROUP  174. 
The  North  America?i  Indian. 

Class  958.  Special  monographic  exhibit  of  the  tribes  of 
America. 

Class  959.  Villages  or  families  of  various  tribes  engaged  in 
their  native  occupations. 

Class  960.  Specimens  of  their  special  work  and  industries. 
Collections  of  Indian  "  trinkets  "  or  curiosities. 

Class  961.  Books  or  papers,  written  or  printed,  in  his  native 
tongue. 

Class  962.  Means  and  methods  of  communication  between 
tribes  by  "  sign  "  language  and  "  picture  let- 
ters," etc.  Status  of  females  under  tribal  regu- 
lations. 

Class  963.  Treaties  and  acquisition  of  territory  from  the 
various  tribes,  and  how  obtained. 

Class  964.  Progress  of  Indian  civilization  through  the  efforts 
of  the  government,  missionaries,  or  by  his  own 


PLAN  AND  SCOP!  OF  DEPARTMENT  M.  17 

efforts  and  choice.  His  industrial  pursuits  and 
capabilities,  as  exemplified  in  the  shop,  on  the 
farm,  and  in  the  school-room.      Inventions, etc. 

Class  965.  Music.  The  "  Columbian  Indian  Band,"  con- 
sisting of  sixty  or  more  instruments. 

Class  966.      The  allotment  of  lands   to  families,  and   individ- 
uals, and  its  effects. 
The  Indian  as  an  American  citizen. 
The  hope  of  the  Indian. 

Class  967.  Other  attainments  and  industries  not  specially 
mentioned.  (For  treatment  of  Indians,  reser- 
vations, etc.,  see  Class  831,  also  special  Indian 
schools,  see  Class  848,  Dept.  L.) 

GROUP  175. 

Portraits,  Busts  and  Statues  of  Great  Inventors  and  Others  who  have 

Contributed  Largely  to  the  Progress  of  Civilization,  and  the 

Well-being  of  Man. 

GROUP  176. 

Isolated  and  Collective  Exhibits. 

Class  968.      The    Latin-American    Bureau.       [See    following 

pages.] 

[For  Natural  History  Exhibits,  see  remarks  on  page  13.] 


WO' 

SAGINAV  U 


THE    LATIN-AMERICAN    BUREAU. 


This  sub-department,  which  will  embrace  the  history  of  the  Latin- 
American  republics  and  colonies  from  the  period  of  the  discovery  to 
the  present  day,  including  relics  of  Columbus  and  the  other  early  voy- 
agers in  American  waters,  is  under  the  special  charge  of  William  E. 
Curtis.  (Address  Latin-American  Bureau,  No.  2  Lafayette  square, 
Washington,  D.  C.) 

The  relics  of  Columbus  will  be  exhibited  in  a  separate  building 
erected  upon  the  headland  opposite  the  Agricultural  building,  and 
the  main  pier  or  landing.  This  building  will  be  an  exact  reproduction 
of  the  ancient  monastery  of  La  Rabida,  at  Palos,  Spain,  at  which  Co- 
lumbus applied  for  food  and  shelter  for  himself  and  child  when  he  was 
about  to  leave  Spain,  after  his  plan  for  an  expedition  to  seek  a  western 
passage  to  the  Indies  had  been  rejected  by  the  Spanish  court.  Here 
he  found  an  asylum  while  developing  his  theories,  and  it  was  through 
the  intercession  of  the  prior  of  this  monastery  that  Queen  Isabella 
consented  to  reconsider  her  refusal  to  furnish  ships  and  money  for  the 
voyage.  It  was  here,  too,  that  Columbus  remained  while  preparing 
his  little  fleet  for  the  memorable  expedition.  In  the  chapel  of  the  mon- 
astery he  attended  mass  on  the  morning  of  the  day  he  sailed,  and 
again  on  the  evening  of  the  day  he  returned  from  the  discovery  of  the 
New  World. 

It  is  a  picturesque  old  building  of  Moorish  architecture,  and  will 
furnish  a  striking  contrast  to  the  splendid  structures  that  are  being 
erected  for  the  other  departments.  Being  completely  isolated  from  all 
other  buildings  on  the  Exposition  grounds,  almost  entirely  surrounded 
with  water,  and  constructed  of  non-combustible  materials,  it  will  afford 
absolute  security  for  objects  exhibited  within  its  walls,  and  additional 
protection  will  be  furnished  by  a  military  guard  detailed  from  the 
United  States  army  by  the  kindness  of  the  Secretary  of  War. 

It  is  desired  to  obtain  for  exhibition  here  all  relics  of  Columbus 
and  all  other  American  discoverers  ;  all  portraits  of  Columbus  and  all 
pictures  in  which  he  appears  ;  early  editions  of  publications  concern- 
ing America  ;  maps,  globes,  charts,  autographs  and  other  articles  of 
historical  interest  associated  with  the  early  history  of  the  American 
continent. 

The  following  general  classification  will  be  observed  in  their 
installation  : 


CLASSIFICATION    01     LATIN-AMERICAN    BUREAU.  19 

KiROUP    I.— PERIOD  OF  THE  DISCOVERY. 

A. — Geographical  Knowledge  of  the  Science  0/  Navigation  at  the  Time  of 

Columbus. 

1.  Maps,  charts  and  globes. 

2.  Nautical  and  astronomical  instruments. 

3.  Models  of  vessels  of  the  period. 

4.  Evidences  of  pre-Columbian  discoveries  in  America;  and  other 
valuable  contributions  to  the  history  and  early  geography  of  our  con- 
tinent. 

B. — The  Court  of  Ferdinand  and  Isabella. 

1.  Portraits,  autographs  and  other  relics  of  the  principal  person- 
ages who  aided  Columbus,  or  were  associated  with  him. 

2.  Manuscripts,  printed  volumes,  charts,  maps,  armor  and  weap- 
ons of  the  times. 

C. — Illustrations  of  the  Life-History  of  Columbus. 

1.  Photographs  and  other  pictures  of  the  cities  and  houses  in 
which  it  is  claimed  that  Columbus  was  born. 

2.  Portraits  of  Columbus,  his  family  and  descendants. 

Note. — It  is  assumed  that  there  are  no  genuine  portraits  of  the 
discoverer,  but  a  collection  of  pictures  intended  or  purporting  to  be 
such  will  be  exhibited. 

3.  Pictures  of  the  places  in  Italy,  Spain  and  Portugal  which  are 
associated  with  the  career  of  Columbus. 

4.  Paintings,  engravings  and  prints  representing  incidents  in  his 
life. 

5.  Models,  paintings  and  other  pictures  of  the  vessels  of  his 
fleet. 

6.  Fac-similes  of  charts,  nautical  instruments,  arms,  armor  and 
other  articles  illustrating  the  equipment  of  Columbus  and  his  men. 

7.  Copies  of  books  and  maps  studied  by  Columbus  while  prepar- 
ing for  his  voyage,  including  the  original  editions  of  the  works  that 
formed  his  cabin  library. 

8.  Assortment  of  articles  used  by  Columbus  for  barter  with  the 
natives:  Hawk  bells,  beads,  coins,  medals,  colored  cloths,  brass  arti- 
cles, knives,  crosses,  mirrors,  etc. 

9  Charts  and  maps  in  relief  showing  the  route  of  the  first  and 
subsequent  voyages;  early  maps,  photographs  and  other  pictures  of 
Watling's  island  and  other  places  visited  by  him. 

10.  Paintings,  engravings  and  prints  illustrating  the  incidents  of 
the  voyages  and  the  condition  of  the  natives  as  represented  in  early 
publications. 

11.  Paintings,  engravings  and  prints  representing  his  reception 
upon  his  return  to  Spain. 


20  WORLD  S    COLUMBIAN    EXPOSITION. 

12.  The  last  days  of  Columbus  illustrated  by  paintings,  engrav- 
ings and  prints;  photographs  of  the  house  in  which  he  died,  and  relics 
associated  with  the  place. 

13.  Models  and  photographs  of  his  coffin,  the  tombs  and  the  mon- 
uments and  statues  erected  in  his  honor. 

D. — The  Early  History  of  the  Continent. 

1.  Originals  or  fac-similes  of  the  autographs  of  Columbus;  col- 
lections of  early  publications  relating  to  the  history  of  Columbus  and 
his  voyages;  manuscript  documents,  either  originals  or  fac-similes 
relating  to  the  discovery. 

2.  Relics  of  Americus  Vespucci,  the  Cabots  and  other  early  dis- 
coverers and  voyagers. 

3.  Maps,  charts,  globes,  books,  manuscripts,  etc.,  illustrating  the 
growth  of  geographical  knowledge  concerning  the  new  world. 

4.  The  christening  of  the  continent.  Paintings,  photographs, 
prints,  etc.,  of  the  city  of  St.  Die,  and  the  men  who  were  responsible 
for  giving  the  name  "  America  "  to  the  new  world.  Copies  and  fac- 
similes of  the  ''  Cosmographiag  Introductio,"  in  which  the  name  first 
appeared. 

5.  Photographic  views  of  the  present  appearance  of  the  places 
visited  by  Columbus.  Relics  of  the  settlement  of  the  new  world  by  the 
Spaniards,  including  the  first  city,  Isabella,  founded  by  Columbus, 
Santo  Domingo  and  other  places  founded  by  him. 

GROUP  II.— PERIOD    OF  THE  CONQUEST. 


A. — Civilization  of  the  Aztecs. 

1.  Costumed  figures  of  Mexican  Indians,  as  found  by  the  Con- 
quistadores.  Models  of  their  houses,  temples  and  palaces.  Palaces 
of  Mexico  and  Tezcuco  and  the  island  of  Cozamel. 

2.  Arts  and  industries:  Metal  work,  gold,  silver  and  bronze,  cast 
and  hammered;  bronze  and  stone  implements;  ornaments;  textile 
fabrics;  feather  work;  pottery;  agricultural  methods  and  products; 
food  and  economic  plants;  pulque:  Mexican  picture  writing. 

3.  Religion:  Sacrificial  stones;  religious  ceremonies,  funerals, 
etc. :  Mexican  idols.  Their  political  and  military  organization  :  Arms  ; 
armor  ;  bows  and  arrows,  spears,  clubs  armed  with  flakes  of  obsidian, 
metal  and  quilted  armor,  shields,  helmets.  Models  and  photographs 
of  ancient  Mexican  fortifications. 

4.  Prehistoric  civilization  in  Yucatan,  Nicaragua,  Honduras  and 
other  parts  of  Central  America,  illustrated  by  models  and  relics  of 
Maya  cities,  ancient  temples,  carvings  in  stone,  pottery,  etc. 


CLASSIFICATION    OF    LATIN-AMERICAN    BUREAU.  21 

5.  Models  of  the  ships  in  which  Cortez  sailed.  Arms,  armor 
and  equipment  of  Conquistadores,  with  costumed  figures. 

6.  Portraits,  paintings,  engravings,  maps,  manuscripts  and 
printed  volumes  relating  to  the  conquest  of  Mexico,  portraits  of 
Marina,  the  guide  and  mistress  of  Cortez,  and  his  descendants. 

7.  Maps  and  charts  of  the  period  of  the  conquest,  showing  the 
advancement  in  geographical  knowledge  since  the  discovery  of  the 
New  World. 

B. —  The  Civilization  of  the  Incas. 

1.  Models  and  photographs  of  ancient  architectural  monuments 
of  Peru;  the  roads  of  the  Incas,  tambos  and  bridges;  illustrations 
of  the  arts  of  the  Peruvians;  metal  work;  gold  and  silver  ornaments 
and  utensils;  copper  work;  cutting  tools;  pottery,  vases,  jars,  etc.; 
stucco  ornamentation;  textile  fabrics  and  quipus;  economic,  medi- 
cinal and  narcotic  plants. 

2.  Costumes,  armor,  arm.s,  implements,  utensils  and  other  collec- 
tions illustrating  the  customs  and  habits  of  life  and  religion  of  the  an- 
cient Peruvians;  mummies;  manner  of  burial. 

3.  Portraits,  paintings,  engravings,  maps,  manuscripts  and 
printed  volumes  relating  to  the  conquest  of  Peru. 

4.  Relics  of  Pizarro  and  his  men:  Armor,  arms,  equipment,  ban- 
ners, etc. 

C. — Other  Natives  and  Relies. 

1.  Collections  showing  the  condition  of  the  natives  of  other  por- 
tions of  Central  and  South  America. 

2.  Relics  of  discoverers  and  voyagers. 

3  Maps,  charts,  manuscripts  and  printed  volumes  showing  the 
progress  of  civilization  and  the  growth  of  geographical  knowledge. 

4.     Collections  of  antiquities  from  the  Latin-American  countries. 

GROUP  III.— THE  COLONIAL  PERIOD. 

A. — Epoch  of  the  Spanish  Viceroys. 

1.  Collections  showing  the  development  of  the  southern  conti- 
nents from  the  time  of  the  conquest  to  the  epoch  of  the  revolution. 

2.  Portraits  of  the  viceroys,  prominent  ecclesiastics  and  other 
famous  men  of  this  epoch. 

3.  Illustrations  of  the  treatment  of  the  aboriginal  tribes  by  the 
Spaniards  during  the  regime  of  the  viceroys. 

B. — Epoch  of  the  Revolution. 

1.  Illustrations  and  relics  of  the  wars  for  independence. 

2.  Portraits  and  relics  of  Miranda,  Bolivar,  Lord  Cochrane, 
O'Higgins,  General  San  Martin  and  other  great  liberators. 


22  WORLD  S    COLUMBIAN    EXPOSITION. 

3.  Historical  pictures  and  papers  relating  to  the  revolutions  and 
the  originals  or  fac-similes  of  the  declarations  of  independence  of  the 
several  republics. 

4.  Weapons  and  military  equipments  of  the  time. 

SROUP  IV.— PERIOD  OF  THE  PRESENT. 
A. — Man  and  His  Habitations. 

1.  Photographs  and  models  representing  types  of  natives  from 
the  Rio  Grande  to  Cape  Horn. 

2.  Typical  habitations:  City  and  country  residences,  business 
blocks,  public  buildings. 

3.  Wearing  apparel  and  costumes,  ornaments,  equestrian  equip- 
ments, weapons,  etc. 

4.  Household  implements  and  utensils;  articles  of  common  use 
illustrating  the  daily  life  of  the  people. 

B. — Education,  Religion  and  the  Arts. 

1.  Models  and  photographs  of  schools;  collections  of  school  books 
and  other  articles  illustrative  of  the  educational  system  of  each 
country. 

2.  Churches;  shrines,  chapels,  religious  articles,  missals,  etc.; 
cemeteries,  tombs,  monuments  ;  ceremonial  costumes. 

3.  Amusements  :  Photographs  of  feasts,  games  and  sports  ; 
masquerade  costumes;  toys  of  children. 

4.  Literature,  music  and  art;  maps,  charts,  examples  of  paint- 
ing and  sculpture ;  carving,  lace  making,  decorative  art  ;  coins  and 
medals,  and  all  forms  of  artistic  work. 

C. — Man  and  His  Occupations. 

1.  Agriculture :  Coffee,  sugar,  chocolate,  coca,  yerba  mate, 
rubber  gathering,  etc. 

2.  Mechanical  arts  :  Trades,  textile  fabrics,  metal  and  leather 
work  ;  pottery  ;  hunting  and  fishing. 

3.  Transportation  facilities:    Railroads,  ships,   boats,   vehicles, 

pack-trains,  horses,  mules,  burros,  llamas,  oxen  and  other  beasts  of 

burden. 

D. — Resources  and  Products. 

1.  Agricultural,  pastoral,  botanical,  mineral;  fiber  and  fiber 
plants  ;  timber  and  cabinet  woods  ;  tanning  and  dye  woods. 

2.  Natural  history. 

Note. — Collections  illustrating  the  resources,  products,  indus- 
tries, etc.,  of  the  Latin-American  republics  and  colonies  may  be 
exhibited  under  the  auspices  of  their  governments,  in  the  space 
regularly  allotted  to  them  in  the  general  buildings. 


RULES  AND  REGULATIONS. 


WORLDS  COLUMBIAN   EXPOSITION. 


Rule  i.  Exhibitors  will  not  he  charged  for  space.  A  limited 
amount  of  power  will  be  supplied  gratuitously. 
This  amount  will  be  settled  definitely  at  the  time 
space  is  allotted.  Power  in  excess  of  that  allotted 
gratuitously  will  be  furnished  by  the  Exposition 
at  a  fixed  price.  Demands  for  such  excess  must 
be  made  before  the  allotment  of  space. 

Rule  2.  Any  single  piece  or  section  of  any  exhibit  of  greater 
weight  than  30.000  pounds  will  not  be  accepted 
if   machinery  is  required  for  its  installation. 

Rui  E  3.  Exhibitors  must  provide,  at  their  own  expense,  all 
show  cases,  cabinets,  shelving, -counters,  fittings, 
etc.,  which  they  ma}-  require,  and  all  counter- 
shafts, pulleys,  belting,  etc.,  for  the  transmission 
of  power  from  the  main  shafts. 

Rule  4.  Exhibitors  will  be  confined  to  such  exhibits  as  are 
specified  in  their  applications.  When  the  allot- 
ment of  space  is  definitely  made,  exhibitors  will 
be  notified  of  their  allotment  of  space  and  its 
location,  and  will  be  furnished  with  a  permit  to 
occupy  the  same,  subject  to  the  general  rules 
and  regulations  adopted  for  the  government  of 
the  Exposition,  and  the  special  rules  governing 
the  department  in  which  their  exhibits  will  be 
made.  Permits  for  space  will  not  be  transfer- 
able. 


24  WORLD  S    COLUMBIAN    EXPOSITION. 

Rule  5.  Special  rules  will  be  issued  govering  each  depart- 
ment and  the  sale  of  articles  within  the  build- 
ings or  on  the  grounds,  but  no  articles  shall  be 
sold  for  removal  previous  to  the  close  of  the 
Exposition,  unless  a  concession  or  privilege  for 
the  same  has  been  granted  by  the  Committee  on 
Ways  and  Means.  "  Privileges  "  refer  to  the 
sale  of  such  goods  as  are  manufactured  in  order 
to  illustrate  a  machine  or  process  exhibited. 
"Concessions"  refer  to  the  sale  of  all  goods 
and  operation  of  attractions  from  which  the 
securing  of  revenue  is  the  sole  object  of  the 
lessees.  The  removal  of  exhibits  will  not  be 
permitted  prior  to  the  close    of  the  Exposition. 

Rule  6.  Decorations,  signs,  dimensions  of  cabinets,  shelv- 
ing, counters,  etc.,  and  the  arrangement  of 
exhibits  must  conform  to  the  general  plan 
adopted  by  the  Director-General. 

Rule  7.  Reasonable  precautions  will  be  taken  for  the  pres- 
ervation of  exhibits,  but  the  World's  Columbian 
Exposition  will  not  be  responsible  for  any  dam- 
age to,  or  for  the  loss  or  destruction  of  an 
exhibit  resulting  from  any  cause. 

Rule  8.  All  packages  containing  exhibits  intended  for  the 
several  departments  must  be  addressed  to  the 
"Director-General,  World's  Columbian  Exposi- 
tion, Chicago,  Illinois,  U.  S.  A."  In  addition, 
the  following  information  must  be  written  on 
the  outside  of  each  package: 

(a)   Department  in  which  exhibit  is   to   be    in- 
stalled. 
(A)   The  state  or  territory  from  which  the  pack- 
age comes. 
(V)  The  name  and  address  of  the  exhibitor. 
(d)   The  number  of  the  permit  for  space. 


PLAN     \M>    SCOPI     "I      DEPARTMENT    M.  25 

(<?)  Total  number  of  packages  sent  by  the 
same  exhibitor.  The  serial  number 
must  be  marked  on  each  package  and  a 
list  of  the  contents  enclosed  in  each 
package.      Freight  must  be  prepaid. 

Kni  i).  Favorable  terms  will  be  arranged  by  which  exhib- 
itors may  insure  their  own  goods.  Exhibitors 
may  employ  watchmen  of  their  own  choice  to 
guard  their  goods  during  the  hours  the  Exposi- 
tion is  open  to  the  public.  Such  watchmen  will 
be  subject  to  the  rules  and  regulations  governing 
the  employes  of  the  Exposition  ;  but  no  exhibitor 
will  be  permitted  to  employ  attendants  or  assist- 
ants for  service  in  any  building,  except  upon 
written  consent  of  the  Chief  of  the  Depart- 
ment. 

Rule  io.  The  expense  of  transporting,  receiving,  unpacking 
and  arranging  exhibits,  as  well  as  their  removal 
at  the  close  of  the  Exposition,  shall  be  paid  by 
the  exhibitor. 

Rule  ii.  If  no  authorized  person  is  at  hand  to  take  charge 
of  exhibits  within  a  reasonable  time  after  arrival 
at  the  Exposition  buildings,  they  will  be  removed 
and  stored  at  the  cost  and  risk  of  whomsoever  it 
may  concern. 

Rule  [2.  The  installation  of  heavy  articles  requiring  foun- 
dations should,  by  special  arrangement  with  the 
Chief  of  Construction,  begin  as  soon  as  the  prog- 
ress of  the  work  on  the  buildings  will  permit. 
The  general  reception  of  articles  at  the  Exposi- 
tion buildings  will  commence  November  1,  1892, 
and  no  article  will  be  admitted  after  April  10, 
1893.  Space  not  taken  possession  of  April  1, 
1893,  will  revert  to  the  Director-General  for  re- 
assignment. 


26  WORLD'S    COLUMBIAN    EXPOSITION. 

Rule  13.  If  exhibits  are  intended  for  competition  it  must  be 
so  stated  by  the  exhibitor,  or  they  will  be  ex- 
cluded from  examination  for  award. 

Rule  14.  The  Chief  of  each  Department  will  provide  cards 
of  uniform  size  and  character,  which  may  be 
affixed  to  exhibits,  and  on  which  will  be  stated 
only  the  exhibitor's  name  and  address,  the  name 
of  the  object  or  article  exhibited,  and  its  cata- 
logue number. 

Rule  15.  Articles  that  are  in  any  way  dangerous  or  offensive, 
also  patent  medicines,  nostrums  and  empirical 
preparations  whose  ingredients  are  concealed, 
will  not  be  admitted  to  the  Exposition. 

Rule  16.  Exhibitors'  business  cards  and  brief  descriptive 
circulars,  only,  may  be  placed  within  such  ex- 
hibitor's space  for  distribution.  The  right  is 
reserved  to  restrict  or  discontinue  this  privilege 
whenever  it  is  carried  to  excess,  or  becomes  an 
annoyance  to  visitors. 

Rule  17.  The  Chief  of  each  Department,  with  the  approval 
of  the  Director-General,  has  the  power  to  order 
the  removal  of  any  article  he  may  consider  dan- 
gerous, detrimental  to,  or  incompatible  with  the 
object  or  decorum  of  the  Exposition,  or  the  com- 
fort and  safety  of  the  public. 

Rule  18.  Exhibitors  will  be  held  responsible  for  the  clean- 
liness of  their  exhibits  and  the  space  surrounding 
the  same.  All  exhibits  must  be  in  complete 
order  each  day,  at  least  thirty  minutes  before  the 
hour  of  opening.  No  work  of  this  character  will 
be  permitted  during  the  hours  the  building  is 
open  to  the  public.  In  case  of  failure  on  the  part 
of  any  exhibitor  to  observe  this  rule,  the  Chief 
of  the  Department  may  adopt  such  means  to 
enforce  the  same  as  circumstances  may  suggest. 


PLAN    AND    SCOPE    OF    DEPARTMENT    M.  2J 

Rule  19.  Sketches,  drawings,  photographs  or  other  repro- 
ductions of  articles  exhibited  will  only  be  allowed 
on  the  joint  assent  of  the  exhibitor  and  the 
Director  General  :  but  general  views  of  portions 
of  the  interiors  of  the  buildings  maybe  made  on 
the  approval  of  the  Committee  on  Ways  and 
Means. 

Rule  20.  Immediately  after  the  close  of  the  Exposition, 
exhibitors  must  remove  their  effects,  and  com- 
plete such  removal  before  January  1,  1894. 
Goods  then  remaining  will  be  removed  and  dis- 
posed of  under  the  direction  of  the  World's 
Columbian  Exposition. 

Rule  21.  An  official  catalogue  will  be  published  in  English, 
French,  German  and  Spanish.  The  sale  of  cata- 
logues is  reserved  exclusively  by  the  Exposition 
Company. 

Rule  22.  Each  person  who  becomes  an  exhibitor  thereby 
agrees  to  conform  strictly  to  the  rules  and  regu- 
lations established  for  the  government  of  the 
Exposition. 

Rule  23.  Communications  concerning  applications  for 
space,  and  negotiations  relative  thereto,  should 
be  addressed  to  the  "  Director-General,  World's 
Columbian  Exposition, Chicago,  Illinois, U.S. A." 

Rule  24.  The  management  reserves  the  right  to  construe, 
amend  or  add  to  all  rules  and  regulations  when- 
ever it  may  be  deemed  necessary  for  the  interests 
of  the  Exposition. 

(Signed)  GEORGE  R.  DAVIS, 

Director-  General. 


for  Live  Stock. 
Dairy  Building. 

Forestry  I 


ation  Building. 
i  and  Mining-. 
Electricity  Building 


A  line  from  fir 


itrance  from  Pier  to  Park. 
!  Utter  of  nam 


TZ 


Villages  of  All  Nations.  Galleries  and  Fine  Arts. 

,1  Hall.  Woman's  Building.  United  States  Buildings. 

ded  Island.  State  and  Foreign  Govt. 

Fisheries  and  Deep  Sea  Aquaria.        (Bldgs.  to  North. 
Manufactures  and  Liberal  Arts  Building,  44  acres, 
lin.  U.S.  Naval  Exhibit, 

Casino  and  Landing  Pier. 

of  building  -will  indicate  location. 


BIRD'S-EYE  VIEW  OF  BUILDINGS  LOOKING  FROM  THE  LAKE. 


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THE  NORTHERN   HALF  ASSIGNED  TO   DEPARTMENT  M. 


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